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“钢铁侠”马斯克的自述:不要只比别人强10%,而是要强1000%!(附视频&摘要稿)

One Speech A Day 精彩英文演讲 2023-01-02
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埃隆·马斯克也许是我们整个世纪最具影响力的人,在他46年的时间里,他所成就的事比我们大多数人想做的多得多。部分原因是马斯克非常聪明,工作非常努力,这个视频我们将和你一起探讨,我们能做些什么才能够像马斯克一样有如此大的影响力,从而帮助你取得比你的同龄人多十倍的成就。






Elon MuskHow To Achieve 10x More Than Your Peers

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In five hundred years, we may look back and say, "Elon Musk was the single most influential person of our entire century." He has been able to do more in his 46 years than most of us could hope to do in ten lifetimes and yes, part of that is because Elon is incredibly smart and he works incredibly hard.

...and we're so hot up; we had just one computer so the website was up during the day and I was coding at night.

...work hard, like, every waking hour." That's the thing I would say if your particular if you're starting a company.

But working 100 hours a week still only puts you at two-and-a-half times as much as the average employee.

And most geniuses do not make the international impact that Elon has.

In fact, the man with the highest IQ in the world, Chris Langan, is a bouncer.

So while smarts and work ethic are critical to Elon's success, in order to impact the world, you simply have to be able to influence other people; there's no way around it.

That includes employees investors and the public at large and Elon Musk is unique here because on this channel, we can normally point to a leader's ability to nail a public speech.

For instance, take the way that Steve Jobs controls silence in this next clip.

...and we believe that in this world; people can change it for the best.

And that those people who are crazy enough to think they could change the world are the ones that actually do.

But Elon doesn't have the same presentation ability as Jobs.

While he definitely has moments of wit and humor, he often stumbles over his words or speaks without modulating his voice and he tends to use a lot of fillers like um and uh.

...it's not because I wanted to, it's because I couldn't hire anyone.

Nobody good would join. Um, so...um, I ended up being that by default.

None of this is meant as a criticism; it's meant to point out how special it is that Elon is actually more famous and more sought out than most extroverted rock stars on the planet which is why, in this video, we're going to break down what you can do to make that kind of impact on people so that you can achieve ten times more than your peers.

And I will say though, brushing up on presentation skills is still going to be important for most people so I'm going to link to helpful videos now in the corner and in the description.

First off, one thing that we just hav to acknowledge is how gifted and hardworking Elon is.

He was writing computer programs as a child and his work ethic has only improved since then.

This next sentence is coming from a man with five children running three companies.

I'm available 24/7 so as to help solve issues. Call me 3 a.m. or Sunday morning; I don't care.

But even all that brainpower and hard work isn't enough to avoid failure.

In fact, the higher that you set your sights, the more likely you are to fail repeatedly along the way which means an absolutely critical component of high achievement is dogged perseverance in the face of failure.

and without a doubt Elon Musk has failed more spectacularly and at higher cost than anyone who will watch this video.

Take SpaceX, the first three rockets at SpaceX didn't work as they had planned.

He burned through 100 million dollars of his own money and was still going bankrupt.

Or Tesla, when they IPO in 2010, Jim Cramer said this — You don't want to own this stock; heck, you shouldn't even rent the darn thing.

I think Tesla will have the same trajectory as A123 which we told you would have a great first day pop when it came public but then it would be a dud afterwards.

In 2012, nearly 10 years after Tesla was founded, Mitt Romney who was running for president told the nation that Tesla was a loser.

...but don't forget, you put 90 billion dollars — like 50 years worth of breaks — into into solar and wind, to Solyndra and Fisker and Tesla.

I've a friend who said you don't just pick the winners and losers, you pick the losers.

Have you ever spent five years of 100 hour weeks and all of your money on something and then still had it not work? Have you spent ten years on a project and then still been publicly ridiculed as a dud? And have you persevered in spite of all of that? Most of us have not and would not.

So where does Elon's perseverance come from? Well, it's because business failure would not bother him nearly as much as a failure to do something challenging, worthwhile, and exciting.

...and there need to be reasons to get up in the morning.

You know, life can't just be about solving problems; otherwise, what's the point? There's got to be things that people find inspiringto and make life worth living.

When Elon's talking about problems here, he means the daily things that occupy most of us like getting by at work, earning more money, making sure that other people approve our decisions...

Ask yourself — what has guided your decisions? Feeling financially comfortable, being widely respected, or doing something that inspires and excites you? There's no wrong answers here but people who achieve at a high level almost always view not doing something impactful as a much bigger risk than financial or social failure.

It's not that they don't care about those things; it's that not feeling like they are doing deeply meaningful work is far worse to them which brings us to the second point — vision.

Because without a clear vision for the future, it's really hard to care more about inspiration than paying your rent for instance or the criticism of your entire peer group.

So here was Ellen's vision for SpaceX.

Um, if you consider two futures — one where we are forever confined to Earth until eventually something terrible happens or another future where we are out there on many planets or maybe even going beyond the solar system — I think that second version is incredibly exciting and inspiring...

Interestingly, this wasn't always the vision for SpaceX even though that was Elon's end goal.

He just wanted to inspire other people to pursue space travel by doing one smaller project on Mars that would spark their imaginations.

I came up with this small philanthropic mission which would be to send a small green house to the surface of Mars which was called Mars Oasis.

Upon landing the seeds with dehydrated nutrient gel, you hydrate it upon landing and you have this little greenhouse and then the money shot would be green plants against a red background.

Regardless of the specifics, a leader must be able to paint a picture of a desirable future; that's what puts the "vision" in visionary and it's how they persist through the inevitable setbacks and it's how they encourage other people in their organization to do the same.

That's really what took us to the moon in the first place.

We shall send to the moon, 240,000 miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall on an untried mission to an unknown celestial body...

We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things not because they are easy but because they are hard.

So if you want to achieve, you need a vision; but how do you get a vision if you don't have one? Well, you start by exploring.

You say yes to activities outside of your comfort zone and, very importantly in my opinion, you read because many of the most influential people in the world point back to a specific book that shaped their vision.

Just listen to Elon talk about a book that he read as a kid. ...like the Foundation series from Asimov is... a really... like, one of the best ever.

That book by the way is about a scientist who creates a foundation for reducing human suffering and expanding human consciousness across the galaxy.

Does it sound familiar? Now, books hold a special place in my heart but your vision doesn't have to come from reading.

It can come from watching movies or listening to podcasts, playing sports, hiking in the woods, spending times with people that you love...

What's important is that you would expand your sphere of influence and frequently ask yourself, "If I had a magic Genie and anything were possible, what would I like to create?" That kind of question helps you break through the yeah-but-it-would-never-work filter that so many people have and of course not everything you dream up is going to wind up working out but almost every inspiring vision feels impossible in some way.

Even mine for Charisma on Command felt like a total pipe dream just a year before it became my reality.

So start with wild visions that get you excited and only later ask yourself if they're feasible.

Elon actually uses a first principle analysis to determine this but that is beyond the scope of this video so look it up on Google if you're curious for more because there is one more element that I want to touch on here that really takes Elon Musk to the next level in terms of what he's able to achieve and how he's able to influence others and it's that his visions aren't just about him.

There is no Musk Industries.

Tesla is named after an inventor from the 1800's.

The rocket from SpaceX is named after the Millennium Falcon and the Boring Company, well, that's just too silly play on words.

The point is that Elon doesn't seem as concerned with his name as Tony Stark who he's often compared to.

Even more unique, Elon Scholl isn't just for his businesses to win — of course, he would like that — but listen to how Elon Musk talks about GM competing with Tesla.

I think if GM comes to market with a compelling electric car, that's great.

The goal of Tesla from the beginning has been to accelerate the advent of sustainable transport so I think if GM or any other company comes out with compelling electric cars that's good for the world then we'll applaud them.

In other words, Musk's overarching vision for the future views humanity collectively.

In the end, we're all on the same team.

That's why in addition to just rooting for GM, he actually made Tesla's patents public.

Now, obviously, Elon would like Tesla to succeed as a company but he really also wants humanity to have an economically viable electric car no matter who makes it happen.

Contrast that with any number of other businesses, and I'm sure you can think of a few, that pursue profits at the expense of what would be best for society.

So remember this — your vision can only be as inspiring as the amount of people that it positively impacts.

Elon's visions include all of humanity so he's become a worldwide celebrity despite not being the world's greatest public speaker.

And if you want to make a bigger impact and inspire more people, you have to ask yourself,, "Who would it be fulfilling to help?" Your answer can be all of humanity or kids or your local community or whoever you want but if your aim is to inspire others and to achieve more, the vision just has to go beyond your own comfort; there's no way around it.

So to recap back-to-front since that's actually the way that this stuff gets implemented in your life, first, you have to clarify your values — who do you want to help? There's nothing inherently wrong here with selfish motives but it does have to go beyond you in the same way because it needs to captivate the imaginations of other people if you're going to achieve at this massive scale.

Second, imagine an amazing future.

Paint the picture because that's what a vision is and if you need more inspiration I personally recommend reading more than just about anything.

The initial vision for Charisma on Command came from The 4-Hour Workweek but I was also influenced by sci-fi novels like Ender's Game that talk about strategy and leadership so you have to pursue your interests here.

As Steve Jobs said in his famous commencement speech, "...and much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on.

You can't connect the dots looking forward.

You can only connect them looking backwards.

So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart even when it leads you off the well-worn path." So check out whatever piques your interest and pursue it deeply.

And if you are interested in reading more, I commend you but perhaps you don't have that free-hands time because you're travelling or driving, there is a link below where you can get a free audio book with a trial of Audible.

Now, this video is not sponsored by Audible but I've worked with them in the past and we have that free book with a trial perk.

I also think it'd just be awesome to have more people reading or listening to books; that's just an amazing thing so if you want to check that out go ahead click the link below in the description to get a trial of Audible and a free book.

Third, persevere and you need to fail a whole bunch.

Now, this is gonna be much easier to do when you have identified something that you care about more than social approval or money; it's actually nearly impossible when the reverse is true.

And I've to tell you, amongst the group of smaller entrepreneur that make up my friends, the one trait that separates those who actually live their dream from the ones who don't is daily continuous perseverance over several years.

If this is a topic you're more interested in, let me know; I'm happy to do another video on that but my advice is more nuanced than "never give up;" you don't really have time for it right here so I'm just gonna continue on.

Anyways, if you want more videos like this, go ahead and click Subscribe right now.

I'm gonna be covering a lot more mindsets in the coming weeks and I have some breakdowns that I'm super excited for like a comparison of the charisma of all the different Avengers...

Or not all; there's like four or five to be fair and there's like 30 Avengers but a comparison of the Avengers charisma and I am a total nerd for doing this so I'm excited for that.


2020年5月31日凌晨3点23分,在全球观众的注视下,载着两名宇航员和一只恐龙玩偶的SpaceX,在美国肯尼迪航天中心 39A发射台成功发射。载人航天是航天领域难度最高的任务,在此之前,有能力进行载人发射的,无一例外都是国家力量在推动。
改写这一历史的,唯有马斯克一人。
在创业过程中,马斯克经历了无数质疑和挫折。他凭借一腔孤勇,杀进电动汽车、火箭发射、太阳能等领域。在众人都不看好的情况下,以颠覆性的姿态取得胜利。他的经历、思维、视角,有哪些与众不同之处?

1我一直有种存在的危机感  

小时候,人们常会问我,长大要做什么,我其实也不知道。
后来我想,搞发明应该会很酷吧,因为科幻小说家亚瑟·克拉克(《2001太空漫游》作者)曾说过:任何足够先进的科技,都与魔法无异。
想想看,三百年前的人类,如果看到今天我们可以飞行、可以远距沟通、可以使用网路、可以马上找到世界各地的资讯,他们一定会说,这是魔法。要是我能够发明出很先进的科技,不就像是在变魔法吗?
我一直有种存在的危机感,很想找出生命的意义何在、万物存在的目的是什么。
最后得出的结论是,如果我们有办法让全世界的知识愈来愈进步,让人类意识的规模与范畴日益扩展,那么,我们将更有能力问出对的问题,让智慧、精神得到更多的启迪。
所以,我决定攻读物理和商业。因为要达成这样远大的目标,就必须了解宇宙如何运行、经济如何运作,而且还要找到最厉害的人才团队,一起发明东西。

2最开始,我只想接近技术的诞生地  我不确定是否该上大学。当初我从南非到北美,只是因为觉得很多尖端科技都是在北美诞生发展的,我了解到的每一项新技术,似乎都是从那里发源的。
17岁的时候,我独自去了北美,也没有上大学的明确计划,只是想接近技术的诞生地而已。
其实我考虑过两个选择:一个是去滑铁卢大学读计算机工程,另一个是去皇后大学。我去了滑铁卢大学后,发现那边女孩子并不多,就觉得没那么有意思。所以我就去了皇后大学,在那里遇到了我的妻子。
我学的科目范围很广泛,包括电子商务、工程学和数学。有人从皇后大学转学去了宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院,反映说那边很不错。
所以我就想申请沃顿,但我没有钱,要拿到奖学金才能去,我觉得自己拿不到奖学金。不过我还是申请了,而他们居然给了我奖学金。
在沃顿,两年的商学课程,我一年就完成了。因为我没有绿卡,所以我只能留在学校,不然他们会把我驱逐出境。
之所以去读那个博士学位,是因为我觉得斯坦福有好多顶级实验室,可以免费使用,这样我就可以开发电动汽车技术了。
我喜欢物理。我毕业后可以去华尔街,也可以从事技术工程工作。最后我决定投身科学事业,所以就多花了一年,拿到了物理学的学位。
之后我去了斯坦福大学,我想在那里学习如何研制能用于电动汽车的先进电容器,这也会涉及一些基础物理学,所以这差不多是一个结合了物理学和材料学的项目。但是后来我退学了,开了自己的公司。

3创业,我承受了一大堆的伤害  后来,我发现,朋友对我所做的任何事情的批评,和黄金一样有价值。
通常你的朋友知道什么是错的,但他们不想告诉你,因为他们不想伤害你,这并不意味着你的朋友是对的,但是很多时候他们的批评却是最诚恳的。
这是真的。当你谈到你的想法时,那些最接近你的人通常都想鼓励你。他们最不想做的事就是让你失望。但这些人也是一个宝贵的资源:他们可以深入地告诉你,你的弱点在哪里,你需要改进什么。
当然,当你听到这些批评,关于你或你创造的东西并不完美时,这是很痛苦的。
但是,任何有智慧的人都能明白这是一个什么样的反馈——这是一个改善的机会。你必须尝试那些会错误的方法。然后你的目标就是尽量少地犯错。
当你第一次创业的时候,你很可能,一切的事情都很好,你的幸福指数很高,然后你会遇到各种各样的问题,幸福会不断下降,然后你会经历整个世界的伤害。

如果你进入任何一个现有的市场,面对那些强大的竞争对手,你的产品或服务必须要比他们好得多,它不能只是有一点点的优势,因为当你站在消费者的立场上时,你总是会购买值得你信赖的品牌,除非这个产品有很大的差异性。

所以,你不能稍微好一点,而是要好得多。
你必须有创新思维,而不是创造更好的同一性。你做事情不是只需要好出10%,而是要创造出10倍的价值。
想想 iPod 是如何取代随身听的,或者 iPhone 是如何取代黑莓的,又或者 iPad 是如何取代 Palm Pilot 的?
4再漂亮的PPT,
都比不上拿出实际产品有说服力  1995 年,我来到加州(进入斯坦福大学念博士),想要找出提高电动车能量密度的方法,例如,有没有更好的电容器可以当作电池的替代。
但那时,互联网兴起,我面临了两个抉择:继续研究成功机率不大的电容器技术,或者投身网络事业。
最后,我选择辍学,参与网络创业,其中一家就是PayPal。
创立 PayPal 最重要的领悟,来自于它的诞生过程。我们原先打算,用 PayPal 来提供整合性的金融服务,这是个很大、很复杂的系统。
结果,每次在跟别人介绍这套系统时,大家都没什么兴趣。等到我们再介绍,系统里面有个电子邮件付款的小功能,所有人都变得好有兴趣。
于是,我们决定把重点放在电子邮件付款,PayPal 果然一炮而红。但是,当初要不是注意到了别人的反应,做出改变,我们或许不会这么成功。
所以,搜集回馈很重要,要用它来修正你先前的假设。
PayPal 成功后,我开始想,眼前有哪些问题,最可能影响人类的未来?
我认为,地球面临的最大问题是可持续能源,也就是如何用可持续的方式,生产和消费能源。如果不能在二十一世纪解决这个问题,我们将灾难临头。而另一个可能影响人类生存的大问题,是如何移居到其他星球。
第一个问题,促使我成立了特斯拉和 SolarCity。
第二个问题,则让我创立了太空科技公司 SpaceX。
2002 年,为了解决太空运输问题,我成立了SpaceX。当时跟我谈过的人,都劝我不要做,有个朋友还特别去找了火箭爆炸的影片给我看。他其实也没错,我从来没做过实体的产品。
所以一开始真的很困难,火箭发射连续失败了三次,非常煎熬。
我们从每次失败中学习,终于在 2008 年的第四次发射成功,让猎鹰一号进入地球轨道,那时我已经用光了所有资金,幸好成功了。
之后,我们的运输火箭从猎鹰一号做到了猎鹰九号,又开发出飞龙号太空船。最近,飞龙号在发射升空后,成功与国际太空站连接,再返回地球。我真的捏了一把冷汗,不敢相信我们做到了。
但是,想要让人类移居其他星球,还有更多目标要达成。所以,我希望你们也来加入 SpaceX 或其他太空探索公司。
这不是看衰地球,事实上,我对地球的未来还满乐观的,我认为有 99%的机率,人类还可以安居很长一段时间。
不过,就算地球只有 1% 的未来风险,也足以刺激我们提早准备,做好「星球备份」。

2003 年,为了证明电动车的潜力,我创立特斯拉公司。以往很多人都认为,电动车速度太慢、跑不远、外型又丑,跟高尔夫球车没两样。

为了改变人们的印象,我们开发出了特斯拉 Roadster,一款速度快、跑得远、造型拉风的电动跑车。
所以,想要开公司,你必须实实在在地做出产品原型。因为,再怎么精彩的纸上作业、PowerPoint 报告,都比不上拿出实际产品有说服力。
Roadster 面世后,又有人说,「就算做得出昂贵的限量跑车,你们有本事做真正的量产汽车吗?」没问题,我们就推出四门房车 Model S,证明给大家看。
这就是我一路走来的创业历程。
5科学的方法对于搞清真相真的很有效
1. 提出一个问题。2. 尽可能收集多的证据。3. 根据证据制定公理,并尝试为每个公理设定一个可能性的概率值。4. 根据有效性得出结论,以便确定:这些公理是否正确,是否相关,是否必然导致这个结论,以及有多大概率?5. 试图推翻结论。寻求别人的反驳,进一步帮助打破你的结论。6. 如果没有人可以使你的结论无效,那么你可能是对的,但你并不一定是对的。
这就是科学的方法,而这对于搞清楚棘手的事情真的很有帮助。
但是大多数人不会使用它,他们更愿意一厢情愿,他们无视反驳,他们根据别人正在做什么和没有做出什么的结果来形成结论。
这样的推理就会导致「这是真的,因为我说的是真的」,但不是因为它客观上是真实的。
我天生擅长工程学,这是我从父亲那里继承来的天赋,对别人来说很难的事对我来说很容易。
曾有一段时间,我以为事情如此简单明了,每个人一定都知道这些。比如房子里的电线是怎么工作的,以及断路器的工作原理,什么是交流电和直流电、安培和伏特是什么,如何混合燃料和氧化剂以制造炸药。
我以为每个人都知道这些知识,但实际上不是这样。而对于这些人我的建议是,想要明白事物的本质,应该读一读书,偶尔也可以逛逛 Reddit,因为我就是靠书本长大的。

6物理学为我提供了一个最理想的研究框架  想理解那些反直觉的新事物,我觉得物理学提供了一个最理想的研究框架。
比如说,量子力学就是违背直觉的,现实世界似乎并不是那样运转,而事实就是,并可以通过实验高度精确地验证。
物理学之所以能够在这些反直觉领域取得进展,就是因为它将事物拆分到最基本的实质,再往上推。
我觉得这是很重要的方法,事实上也是了解新事物、探索未知领域的唯一有效方法。
在日常生活中,我们非常善用类推方法,我们做别人正在做的事情,做些微小调整。类推提供了捷径,不需要大量思考,这在日常生活中没什么问题。
我们不可能万事都用物理学第一原理,那需要太多计算。但第一原理对于了解新事物极其重要。

现在,物理课的教学方式不对。我们通常让学生背各种枯燥的公式,却没有传递公式的基本含义。
这些公式在现实中代表什么呢?一个公式所能描述的美妙现实世界是令人难以置信的。物理的美妙和神奇没有通过课堂来传递。
另外,我觉得我们的教学应该以问题为重点,而不是以工具为重点。
比方说,我们想了解内燃机的工作原理,那最好的方法就是把它拆开,把每个零部件都研究一下,然后再组装起来。
在这个过程中我们需要什么工具呢?我们需要螺丝刀,扳手,以及其他各类工具。当你把内燃机拆开再组装起来的时候,你就知道这些工具的作用了。
但如果反过来,让你先去上一堂关于螺丝刀和扳手的课,那效果就很差了,你很难记住。
我们大脑的进化方式是记住跟我们相关的事物,所以一定要建立相关性,不然记忆的过程会很痛苦,也很困难,因为看上去太抽象而无关紧要
所以必须有相关性和重要性,要理解事物的原因,才能自然而然地吸收知识。
我创立 SpaceX 的初衷不是为了创业。2001 年,我跟一个朋友聊天的时候,提到为什么我们还没有登陆火星?因为既然在 1969 年就登陆了月球,那现在也应该快登陆火星了。
我访问了 NASA 的官网,想看看有没有登陆火星的时间表,但什么也没找到。
后来我了解到,NASA 已经放弃登陆火星了。所以我想搞一个公益性质的项目,将一个小型温室送上火星表面,起到一个表率作用。
如果成功的话,这将是地球生命去过的最远的地方,也是我们认知范围内生命首次出现在火星。
所以我们就有了把绿色植物送上红色火星表面的宏伟计划,我想这应该能激起公众的兴趣,从而促使 NASA 增加预算,那样我们就能延续阿波罗之梦了。这就是最早的想法。
我甚至还去了三趟俄罗斯,想买一些用过的 ICMB(洲际弹道导弹),用于火星任务。生意确实谈成了。但我这时意识到,之前的想法是错的。
我们之所以没去火星,不是因为不想去,而是因为认为没有能力去。大家都觉得没有成功的可能,于是就放弃了。
所以我决心创立一家公司,减少太空旅行的开支,同时改进火箭技术,因为火箭技术自上世纪六十年代以来根本没取得什么进展。
从某种意义上说,火箭技术还退步了,因为将物质送入轨道需要花费的成本更高了。这就是我创立SpaceX的初衷,不过在公司刚创立的时候,我觉得公司的存活几率只有10%。
物理学原理就是最有用的,只要好好研究下物理学原理就能发觉它是最有价值的。
另外我觉得量子力学也很有趣,量子力学现象总是令人感到不可思议,但却都是真实的。
量子力学很难学,因为量子力学极其违背直觉。你在其他很多领域都可以用直觉,但对于量子力学,你不能用惯常的思维方式来推断,因为你的直觉是无效的,所以量子力学很难。此外,量子力学还结合了大量高等数学和统计学的内容。
我觉得应该尽可能广泛涉猎各个科目。很多创新发明都是跨学科的成果。我们的知识储备越来越庞大,所以必须能够融会贯通。
有人精通一个领域,而不了解其他领域,如果你能把不同领域的知识结合在一起,就有机会创造出超常成果,这里有大把的创新机会。
所以我鼓励大家尽可能广泛地学习各个科目。对于工科学生,我建议去学一点经济学,学点文学,或者其他领域。
我建议,在有兴趣的前提下,大家可以学习每个领域的基础知识,然后思考一下如何将不同领域的知识融汇贯通。这样很容易产生奇思妙想。

7很多人问我,成功的秘诀是什么?

第一,非常努力地工作。
想创业的人,尤其得如此。我跟我弟弟成立第一家公司Zip2的时候,我们租了一间办公室,直接就睡在沙发上,每天跑到YMCA洗澡,而且两人只有一台电脑。
我们的网站只能在白天上线,因为晚上我要写程式。就这样,每周工作七天,只要是醒着的时候都在工作。

第二,吸引顶尖人才与你共事。
企业是一群人集合在一起创造产品或服务。不论你要创业或进入企业工作,关键都在与顶尖人才共事。
你应该设法加入一个优秀团队,跟那些让你佩服的人一起工作。创业的话,更要想尽办法,找到最厉害的人才。
第三,聚焦在信号,而非杂音。
很多企业混淆了焦点,花很多钱去做一些不会让产品变得更好的事情。
在特斯拉,我们从不做广告,而是把钱投入研发和生产设计,不断改进产品。每家公司都应该自问,我们所做的这些事情,到底有没有让产品或服务更好,如果没有,就应该喊停了。
第四,不要盲目跟随潮流。
物理学研究的第一条原则,不要以类比方式来推理,应该从最根本的真理开始思考。物理学家就是运用这种原则,搞懂一些反直觉的东西,例如量子力学。
所以,多利用这个原则来判断,你做的事情是否真的合理有意义,还是其实你只是在跟随别人?如果你想开创新事业、开发新产品,这是最好的思考方法。
也许这些,你已经听过,但确实没有什么捷径了。
对于发现社会上的需求,如果你发觉这确实是大家所需要的,你可以找一些志同道合的人,一起来研究、解决。
我觉得,最适合做这些事情的时候是大学时代或大学刚毕业,因为这个时候你身上承担的责任较轻,不需要养家。
随着时间推移,你身上的担子越来越重,你就需要承担更大的风险。年纪愈大,要承担的责任愈多。你要面对可能会失败的风险时,往往还要考虑到身边的其他人,变得比较犹豫。


— 往期精彩英文演讲集 —
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